These bubbles can implode when subject to higher pressure and generate intense shockwaves.
Cavitation can cause damage (as shown in the graphic), vibration and a loss of efficieny.
The graphic shows the damaged runner of a Francis-Turbine, which is often used in hydroelectric dams. The adjustable guide vanes or wicket gates of the turbine (yellow) regulate the water flow, depending on the water level of the reservoir.
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